BUNG TOMO

Sutomo (born in Surabaya, East Java, October 3, 1920 - died in the Plain of Arafat, Saudi Arabia, October 7, 1981 at the age of 61 years) [1] better known by the nickname of the people as Bung Tomo, was a famous hero for his role in evoke the spirit of the people against the Dutch colonialist through NICA, which ended with the battle of 10 November 1945, which until now celebrated as the Day of Heroes.
Sutomo born in Kampung Blauran, in downtown Surabaya. His father was Kartawan Tjiptowidjojo, a head of a middle-class family. He worked as a civil servant, as a personal staff in a private company, as an assistant in the office of government tax, and small employee in the Dutch import-export company. He claimed to have blood ties with some close companion of Prince Diponegoro who was interred in Malang. His mother was of mixed blood of Central Java, Sunda, and Madura.dan vagabond father was an all-rounder. She has worked as a police officer in the township, and had also become a member of the SI, before he moved to Surabaya and become a local distributor for the Singer sewing machine company.

 
youth

 
Sutomo grew up in the house were very appreciative of education. He spoke openly and vigorously. He likes to work hard to improve the situation. At age 12, when he was forced to abandon his studies in MULO, Sutomo doing various small jobs to cope with the effects of depression that swept the world at that time. Later he completed his HBS education through correspondence, but never officially graduated.
Sutomo then joined IAC (scouting Indonesia). Later Sutomo confirms that scouting philosophy, coupled with nationalist awareness gained from this group and from his grandfather, a good substitute for formal education. At the age of 17, he became famous when it managed to become the second in the Dutch East Indies to reach Garuda Scout rank. Before the Japanese occupation in 1942, it ranked only achieved by three Indonesian.

 
Leaders Struggle Battle of Surabaya 10 November 1945

 
Sutomo never become a successful journalist. Then he joined with a number of political and social groups. When he was elected in 1944 to become a member of the New People's Movement sponsored by Japan, almost nobody who knew him. But all these Sutomo prepare for a very important role, when in October and November 1945, he became one of the leaders of the people moving and uplifting Surabaya, Surabaya which at that time was attacked severely by British troops were landed to melucutkan occupation army weapons Japanese and European free prisoners. Sutomo particularly remembered for opening calls on the radio broadcasts are filled with emotion.
Although Indonesia defeated in the Battle of 10 November, these events are recorded as one of the most important events in the history of Indonesian Independence.

 
After independence

 
After the independence of Indonesia, Sutomo had plunged into politics in the 1950s, but he did not feel happy and then disappeared from the political scene. At the end of the reign of Sukarno and Suharto beginning early supports, Sutomo re-emerged as a national figure.
In fact, a variety of important state positions never carried Bung Tomo. He had served as Minister of State for Former Combatants Armed / Veterans at once Minister of Social Affairs Ad Interim in 1955-1956 in the era of the Cabinet of Prime Minister Burhanuddin Cabinet. Bung Tomo is also listed as a member of the House of Representatives in 1956-1959 representing the People's Party of Indonesia.
But in the early 1970s, he returned disagree with the New Order government. He spoke strongly against programs that Suharto on 11 April 1978 he was arrested by the Indonesian government that seems to worry about harsh critics. Just one year later he was released by Suharto. Although the spirit is not destroyed in the prison, Sutomo apparently no longer interested in being vocal.
He is still interested in political issues, but he never raised-lift role in the history of the struggle of the Indonesian nation. He was very close to his family and his children, and he struggled to keep his five children to succeed in education.
Sutomo very serious in the life of faith, but does not consider himself as a devout Muslim, or prospective innovator in religion. On October 7, 1981 he died in the Plain of Arafat, while the pilgrimage. Unlike the tradition to bury the pilgrims who died in a pilgrimage to the holy land, Bung Tomo's body was brought back to his homeland and was buried not in a Heroes cemetery, but at General Cemetery Ngagel in Surabaya.

 
The title of National Hero

 
After the government was urged by the Youth Movement (GP) Ansor and Golkar Party (FPG) to give the title of hero to the Bung Tomo on November 9, 2007. Finally, the title of national hero awarded to Tomo coincide on Memorial Day on 10 November 2008. This decision was delivered by the Minister of Communications and Information Technology United Indonesia Cabinet, Muhammad Nuh on November 2, 2008 in Jakarta.