R.A. KARTINI

Raden Adjeng Kartini (born in Jepara, Central Java, 21 April 1879 - died in Rembang, Central Java, September 17, 1904 at the age of 25 years) or more appropriately called Raden Ayu Kartini was a prominent Javanese and Indonesian National Hero. Kartini is known as a pioneer of the revival of indigenous women.
Raden Adjeng Kartini from among the gentry or nobility Java class. She was the daughter of Raden Mas Duke Ario Sosroningrat, a governor who was appointed regent of Jepara Kartini was born soon after. Kartini was the daughter of the first wife, but not the main wife. His mother named M.A. Ngasirah, daughter of Haji Nyai Siti Aminah and Kyai Haji Madirono, a religious teacher in Telukawur, Jepara. From his father's side, Kartini genealogy can be traced to Hamengkubuwana VI. Regent Sosroningrat lineage can be traced back even to the palace of the kingdom of Majapahit. Since Prince Dangirin became regent of Surabaya in the 18th century, the ancestors Sosroningrat fill many important positions in Pangreh Praja.
Kartini's father was originally a district officer in Mayong. Colonial rule when it requires a regent married to a nobleman. Because M.A. Ngasirah not the high nobility, his father remarried with Raden Adjeng Woerjan (Moerjam), a direct descendant of King Madura. After the marriage, the Kartini's father was appointed as regent in Jepara replaced the biological father of RA Woerjan, R.A.A. Tjitrowikromo.
Kartini was the 5th child of 11 siblings and stepfather. From all siblings, Kartini is the eldest daughter. His grandfather, Prince Ario Tjondronegoro IV, was appointed regent at the age of 25 years and was known in the mid-19th century as one of the first district that gave Western education to their children. Kartini's brother, Sosrokartono, a very intelligent man in the field of language. Until the age of 12 years, Kartini allowed to attend school in the ELS (Europese Lagere). Here, among others, Kartini learn Dutch. But after the age of 12 years, he had to stay at home because it could be secluded.
Because Kartini could speak Dutch, then at home he began to learn on their own and write letters to friends correspondence originating from the Netherlands. One is Rosa Abendanon that much support. Of books, newspapers, and magazines Europe, Kartini interested in the progress of European women think. Arise desire to promote indigenous women, because he saw that indigenous women are at a low social status.
Kartini much reading Semarang newspaper De Locomotief raised Pieter Brooshooft, he also received leestrommel (package magazine circulated to the subscription bookstore). This includes the magazine of culture and science are quite heavy, there is also a Dutch women's magazine De Hollandsche Lelie. Kartini was then several times to send his writings and published in De Hollandsche Lelie. From her letters seemed Kartini read anything attentively, while making notes. Sometimes Kartini mention one essay or quote a few sentences. Attention is not merely a matter of the emancipation of women, but also the common social problems. Kartini see the struggle of women to gain freedom, autonomy and legal equality as part of a broader movement. Among the books read Kartini before the age of 20, there is the title of Max Havelaar and Letters Love Multatuli, who in November 1901 has been read twice. Then De Stille Kraacht (Magical Power) by Louis Coperus. Then the work of Van Eeden, works Augusta de Witt mediocrity, romance-feminist work Goekoop de-Jong Mrs. Van Beek and an anti-war novel written by Berta von Suttner, Die Waffen Nieder (Put Weapons). Everything is in Dutch.
By her parents, Kartini told to marry a regent Apex, KRM Duke Ario Singgih Djojo Adhiningrat, who already had three wives. Kartini was married on November 12, 1903. Her husband understood the desire Kartini Kartini and given the freedom to set up schools and supported women in the east gate of Apex district office complex, or in a building that is now used as a Scout House.
The first and last child at the same time, Soesalit Djojoadhiningrat, born on September 13, 1904. A few days later, September 17, 1904, Kartini died at the age of 25 years. Kartini was buried in the village of Fur, Fur Subdistrict, Apex.
Thanks to the perseverance Kartini, then founded the School Women by Kartini Foundation in Semarang in 1912, and then in Surabaya, Yogyakarta, Malang, Madiun, Cirebon and other areas. The school's name is "Kartini School". Kartini Foundation was founded by the family Van Deventer, a figure the Ethical Policy.